Minggu, 25 Maret 2012
IPAD 3
Senin, 05 Maret 2012
bezoar object
The National Museum of Health and Medicine has in its anatomical collection 24 veterinary and 3 human hairballs or “trichobezoars.” To commemorate National Hairball Awareness Day on April 27, 2006, the museum featured a temporary display of 10 of these hairballs to explore the myths and realities behind these medical curiosities. Included were hairballs from a steer, two oxen, three cows, a calf, horse, and a chicken.
National Museum of Health and Medicine. 1068 | National Museum of Health and Medicine. 1996 |
National Museum of Health and Medicine. 542365 |
“Bezoar” is a Persian word that means “protection from poison,” because bezoars were believed to be a universal antidote against poisoning. Bezoars from wild goats, antelopes, and other cud-chewing animals of Persia were introduced to Europe in the 11th century where they were popular in medicinal remedies until the 18 century. In China, ground-up cow bezoars have been used as medicine for more than 2,000 years, particularly to treat diseases of the mouth.
There are four types of bezoars:
- Lactobezoar: a mass of undigested milk, most commonly found in pre-term infants on highly concentrated formula
- Trichobezoar: a mass of hair
- Phytobezoar: a mass of undigested food particles usually from fruits and vegetables such as celery, citrus fruits, coconut, pumpkins, grape skins, prunes, raisins, and most notably persimmons (bezoars resulting from persimmons are called diospyrobezoars)
- Pharmacobezoar: a mass of medications such as extended release medicines or bulk-forming laxatives
Image courtesy Department of Radiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) 2819292 |
Image courtesy of Department of Radiology, AFIP 2986799 |
Image courtesy of Department of Radiology AFIP 2768412 |
National Museum of Health and Medicine.543342 | National Museum of Health and Medicine. 1290 |
National Museum of Health and Medicine 543344 |
display in the museum. M906252 |
Bezoars are rare in people with a normal digestive tract, but occur more often in adults with pre-existing conditions such as diabetes, cystic fibrosis, renal failure, vagotomy, or partial gastric resection. Some illnesses, such as diabetes, can slow stomach motility. The shape of the stomach and the narrow opening of the pyloric sphincter contribute to the tendency of food and objects to collect in this area rather than to pass into the duodenum.
Image courtesy of Department of Radiology, AFIP 2824793 | Image courtesy Department of Radiology, AFIP 2621591 |
Image courtesy of Department of Radiology, AFIP 2621591 |
Sources and Additional Reading:
Sanders, Michael K. “Bezoars: From Mystical Charms to Medical and Nutritional Management
Sabtu, 03 Maret 2012
ur own risk
Diospyrobezoars
While a number of ailments may produce the same symptoms, the symptoms created by diospyrobezoars may include distended and tender stomach, dyspepsia
Phytobezoars
bezoar ok
The term bezoar is thought to be derived from the Arabic, Persian, or Turkish words referring to antidote or counter-poison.
As early as 1000 BCE bezoars from animals were highly prized and kept as medical charms, used as antedotes to various poisons, used as treatment in ailments, and held to ward off the supernatural. European nobles had bezoars set into chains or interior as part of "poison-cups" that were believed to render poisons harmless. These beliefs held for centuries. They were also commonly set into jewelry as "bezoar stones". A bezoar with a gold frame was known to be in the Crown Jewels of Queen Elizabeth I in 1962.
The market for bezoars thrives to this day. Unfortunately, they are in high demand by practitioners of asian medicine. The demand has created and sustained a thriving market for poachers and indiscriminant killers of various animals.
Bezoars may be composed of a variety of items including plant material (phytobezoars) , hair (trichobezoars), milk & milk products (lactobezoars), medication, or animal products
